Chiyambi
Pamene chidziwitso cha chilengedwe padziko lonse chikupitirira kukula, makampani opanga matebulo otayidwa kunja akusintha kwambiri. Monga katswiri wamalonda akunja pazinthu zachilengedwe, makasitomala nthawi zambiri amandifunsa kuti: “Kodi kwenikweni ndi chiyani chomwe chimapanga matebulo otayidwa kunja omwe ndi abwino kwa chilengedwe?” Msika uli wodzaza ndi zinthu zolembedwa kuti “zowonongeka” kapena “zotetezeka kwa chilengedwe,” koma zoona zake nthawi zambiri zimabisika ndi mawu otsatsa malonda. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa miyezo ndi njira zofunika kwambiri zosankhira matebulo otayidwa kunja omwe ndi abwino kwa chilengedwe.
1. Mtengo Wofunika Pachilengedwe wa Zakudya Zachikhalidwe Zotayidwa Patebulo
- Zipangizo zapulasitiki: Zimatenga zaka 200-400 kuti ziwonongeke, ndipo zinyalala zapulasitiki zokwana matani 8 miliyoni zimalowa m'nyanja pachaka
- Zotengera za pulasitiki zopangidwa ndi thovu: N'zovuta kuzibwezeretsanso, zimapanga mpweya woipa zikawotchedwa, ndipo ndizoletsedwa m'maiko ambiri.
- Zakudya zokhazikika za pepala: Zimawoneka bwino pa chilengedwe koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zokutira zapulasitiki, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke
2. Miyezo Isanu Yofunika Kwambiri Yogwiritsira Ntchito Ziwiya Zotayidwa Zopanda Ukhondo
1. Zipangizo zokhazikika
- Zipangizo zochokera ku zomera (nzimbe, ulusi wa nsungwi, wowuma wa chimanga, ndi zina zotero)
– Zinthu zobwezerezedwanso mwachangu (zomera zomwe zimakula nthawi yochepa kuposa chaka chimodzi)
– Silipikisana ndi malo olima chakudya
2. Njira yopangira mpweya wochepa
- Kupanga mphamvu zochepa
- Palibe mankhwala owonjezera omwe ali ndi vuto
- Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi pang'ono
3. Imakwaniritsa miyezo ya magwiridwe antchito
- Kukana kutentha (kumapirira kutentha kopitirira 100°C/212°F)
- Yosataya madzi komanso yosagwira mafuta
- Mphamvu yokwanira (imasunga mawonekedwe ake kwa maola awiri kapena kuposerapo)
4. Kutaya zinthu zowononga chilengedwe
- Zimawonongeka kwathunthu mkati mwa masiku 180 pogwiritsa ntchito manyowa a mafakitale (zikukwaniritsa muyezo wa EN13432)
- Amawola mwachilengedwe mkati mwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri
– Sizitulutsa mpweya woipa zikawotchedwa
5. Kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi lonse
- Mpweya wochepa wa kaboni ndi 70% kuposa ziwiya zapulasitiki kuchokera ku zinthu zopangira mpaka kutaya
3. Kuyerekeza Magwiridwe Abwino a Zipangizo Zapakhomo Zosamalira Zachilengedwe
PLA (Polylactic Acid):
- Kuwonongeka: Miyezi 6-12 (pakufunika kupanga manyowa m'mafakitale)
- Kukana kutentha: ≤50°C (122°F), komwe kumatha kusinthika mosavuta
- Mtengo wokwera, woyenera pamene pakufunika kuwonekera poyera
- Ndi yosamalira chilengedwe koma imadalira malo apadera opangira manyowa
Nzimbe:
- Imawonongeka mwachilengedwe pakatha miyezi 3-6 (kuwola mwachangu kwambiri)
- Kukana kutentha kwambiri (≤120°C/248°F), yoyenera kwambiri pa zakudya zotentha
- Zopangidwa kuchokera ku mafakitale a shuga, sizifuna ndalama zowonjezera zaulimi
- Chiwerengero chapamwamba kwambiri cha chilengedwe
Ulusi wa nsungwi:
- Kuwola kwachilengedwe m'miyezi 2-4 yokha (pakati pa ofulumira kwambiri)
- Kupirira kutentha mpaka 100°C (212°F), mphamvu zambiri komanso kulimba
- Nsungwi imakula mofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba kwambiri
- Zingagwire bwino ntchito pang'ono m'malo ozizira
Wowuma wa Chimanga:
- Zimawonongeka pakatha miyezi 3-6 pamene zimafesedwa m'mafakitale (pang'onopang'ono ngati zinthu zachilengedwe zili bwino)
- Yopirira kutentha kufika pafupifupi 80°C (176°F), yoyenera malo ambiri odyera
- Zinthu zongowonjezedwanso koma zimafuna kulinganizidwa ndi zosowa za chakudya
- Nthawi zambiri zimasakanizidwa ndi zinthu zina kuti zigwire bwino ntchito
Pulasitiki Yachikhalidwe:
- Zimafunika zaka zoposa 200 kuti ziwonongeke, gwero lalikulu la kuipitsa
- Ngakhale kuti ndi yotsika mtengo komanso yokhazikika, siikwaniritsa zomwe zikuchitika pa chilengedwe
- Kukumana ndi ziletso zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira padziko lonse lapansi
Kuyerekezaku kukuwonetsa kuti masagasi a nzimbe ndi ulusi wa nsungwi zimapereka njira yabwino kwambiri yowonongera zachilengedwe komanso magwiridwe antchito, pomwe wowuma wa chimanga ndi PLA zimafuna zinthu zinazake kuti zikwaniritse kufunika kwawo kwa chilengedwe. Mabizinesi ayenera kusankha kutengera momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso zofunikira pa chilengedwe cha misika yomwe akufuna.
4. Njira Zinayi Zodziwira Zinthu Zabodza Zosamalira Chilengedwe
1. Yang'anani ziphaso: Zinthu zenizeni zimakhala ndi ziphaso zodziwika padziko lonse lapansi monga BPI, OK Compos, kapena DIN CERTCO
2. Kuyesa kuwonongeka: Kuika zidutswa za zinthu m'nthaka yonyowa - zinthu zenizeni zachilengedwe ziyenera kuwonetsa kuwonongeka mkati mwa miyezi itatu
3. Unikani zosakaniza: Chenjerani ndi zinthu "zosawonongeka pang'ono" zomwe zingakhale ndi pulasitiki ya 30-50%
4. Tsimikizirani ziyeneretso za wopanga: Pemphani malipoti otsimikizira kuti zinthu zopangira zilipo komanso malipoti oyesera a chipani chachitatu
Mapeto
Zipangizo zodyera zotayidwa zomwe sizingatayidwe ndi chilengedwe sizimangokhudza kusintha zinthu, komanso njira yothetsera mavuto kuyambira pakupeza zinthu mpaka kutaya zinthu. Monga ogulitsa odalirika, sitiyenera kungopereka zinthu zogwirizana ndi mayiko ena komanso kuphunzitsa makasitomala za kumvetsetsa bwino zachilengedwe. Tsogolo ndi la zinthu zatsopano zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito pomwe zimachepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe.
Malangizo Okhudza Kusankha Zinthu Zachilengedwe: Mukagula, funsani ogulitsa: 1) Chiyambi cha zipangizo, 2) Ziphaso zapadziko lonse zomwe zili ndi ziphaso, ndi 3) Njira zabwino kwambiri zotayira zinthu. Mayankho adzakuthandizani kuzindikira zinthu zomwe siziwononga chilengedwe.
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Tikukhulupirira kuti blog iyi ikukuthandizani kusankha bwino zinthu zomwe mwagula. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza malamulo okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zodyera zosawononga chilengedwe, chonde titumizireni uthenga. Tiyeni tiyendetse patsogolo kusintha kwa zinthu zobiriwira pa zipangizo zodyera zogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi!
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Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-18-2025
